1. ??????????? ???????????
??????????? ???????????, ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????, ???? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? (0 K, ??? - 273.15 ℃) ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????????? ??????.
??????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?????, ???????? ?????? 0.8μm- ??? 50μm- ???, ??? ???? ???????, ????? ?????? ??????? (0.4μm- ??? 0.8μm).

?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????

λ = C/F, ????? C ???? ???????? ??????? 3.0 × 108 ?/?? ?? λ ???? ?????? ??????.
?????????: ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? 4x1014Hz ~ 8x1014Hz ?????.


2. ??????????? ??????????? - ??????????? ???????
?????????? ??????, ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????, ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????.
??? ?????, ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? "??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????".
????? - ?????, ??????? - ????? ?? ?????? - ?????? ????????? ??????, ??????? ??????????? ????????? 0.7 ~ 2.5μm, 3 ~ 5μm ?? 8 ~ 14μm ???????????;
????????????? ?????? - ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???? 8 ~ 14μm.



3. ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????:
①. ??????????? ?????????: ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????????????.
②. ??????????? ?????????? ????????: ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????????.
③. ??????????? ????????????: ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????.
④. ???????? ??????????: ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????, ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????.
⑤. ????????: ?????? ????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????????, ????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????.

4. ????????????? ????? (NIR)
???? - ??????????? (NIR) ????? (0.8μm ~ 1μm) ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????, ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????, ???? NIR ???????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????, ????? ?????????? ????? ????????????;?
?????? ????? ????????, ???????? NIR ??????? ???, ????????, ???????? NIR ????????????? ???????, ????????? ???????? ???? ?????;
??????????:?
???????????, CMOS ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? - ??????????? ?????, ??????????? ???????? ?????, ???????? ???????? ?????, ????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????????;?
???? - ??????????? ????? ???? ????????? ????????????, ???? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????;


4. ????? ?????? ??????????? (SWIR)?
????? ?????? ??????????? (SWIR) ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????????, ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????;?
????? ??????, ????? ?? ????????? ????????, ????????? ????????, ????? ???????????? SWIR ?????????????;?
SWIR- ? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????;?
????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????, ??????? ??????????? 500 -??? 3000 ?????????? ???????????. ??????? ???????????? 500 ~ 3000 ℃ ?????;?
??????????:?
???????? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????;?
???????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????, ??????????, ?????????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ???????????????;?
????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ???????;?
???????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????.


5. ??? ?????? ??????????? (MWIR)?
?????????????:?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
???? - ????????? ???????? ??????: ??????????? LWIR– ????, MID - ????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ?????????, ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????????“.
????? ????????? ?????????: ??????????? ?????? ??????, ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????????.
?????? ?????????? ???: ?????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????, ??????? ???????? 100Hz ?????? ?????? ???????.

????????? ????????:?
?????? ???????????? ?? ?????????: ?????????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????, ????? ??????????, ?????? ???????????? ????????, ????, ?????? ????, 5 - 10 -??? ?????, ????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????.
???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????????: ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????????, ???? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???? - Up (??????????, ????????? ????), ??? ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????????????.
?????????????? ??????????: ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????, ????? ?????????????????? ????????.
????? ?????: ???????? ???? ????????? ???????????? (???., ?????????? 10,000 ????? ?????????????? ???????????) ?? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ???????????, ????? ?????????? ???????????.

??????????:?
?????????? ??????, ????? ??????????, ?????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????????????;?
???????? ??????????????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? (IRST).


6. ?????? ?????? ??????????? (LWIR)?
?????????????:?
?? ???? ?????? ?????????, ?????? ??????????: ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????, ??????? ???????????? ??????????, ????? ?????, ??????? ?????, ????????????? ????.
?????????? ????????????? ???????????: ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? (- 40 ° C ~+85 ° C), ?? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???, ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????, ???????? - ????????????, ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????????.
?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ????????: ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????, ?????? 1W ?? ??????? (???. ???????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????), ?????????? ???????? 100,000 ????????, ?????? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
??????? ??????????????: ?? ???? ???????????? ??? ?? ????? ????????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? (?????? MWIR– ?? ?????), ??????????? ????? ???????????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????.

????????? ????????:?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
???????? ?????? ??????: ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? (?????????, ?????, ????? ????????), ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????.
????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????: ??????????? ?????? (????? ??????, CO? ????????? ??????) ?????? ?????? - ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? (> 1 ??), ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ????? ??????? - ?????? ?????????.

??????????:?
??????????: ??????? ?????????? ??????????, ??????? ?????????????? ?????????, ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? - ?????????? ???????????? ???????, ??????????? ????????, ????????????? ????? ?????, ??????????????????? ????? ?? ?????????.
????????: ???? - ????????? ????? ?????? ???????????, ?????? - ??????????? ??????????? ???????????.