1. ??????????? ?????????
??????????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ???????. ??????? ?????? (0 k, ????, - 273.15 ℃) ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????, ???? ??? frequency ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????.
??????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????, 0.8μm ????? 50μm ???? ???????????????, ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????? (0.4μm ????? 0.8μm ????).

??????? ???????????? ????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????

λ = c/f, ????? C ????? ????? ????? ???? 3.0 × 108 m/s ????? the ????????????.
????????: ???????? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????? 4x1014Hz ~ 8x1014Hz ???? ???????.


2. ?????? ????????? - ??????? ?????
???? ????? ???????????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????, ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????????.
??????, ???? ??????? ???? ???????? "??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????" ??????.
????? - ????, ?????? - ???? ????? ????? - ???? ??????????? ??????????, ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? 0.7 ~ 2.5μm, 3 ~ 5μm ????? 8 ~ 14μm;
??????????? ???? ?????? - ???? ??????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??????? 8 ~ 14μm.



3. ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????:
. ??????????? ??????: ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????????????? ????????????.
. ??????????? ????????? ????????: ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ????????????.
. ???????????? ??????: ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????????.
. ???????? ??????????: ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????????????.
. ???????????: ????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????????????.

4. ??????????? (????????) ?????
???? - ?????? (NIR) ??????? (0.8μm ~ 1μm) ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ????, ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?????, ????? NIR ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????????;?
???????? ????? ???, NIR ????? ???? ?????????????????, ??????? NIR ????????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????????;
???????????:?
? ????????, CMOS ?????????? ???????? ???? - ??????????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ??????????? ???? ????, ????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????????, ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????????;?
??????? - ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????;


4. ?????? ???? ??????????? (??????)?
?????? ???? ??????????? (SWIR) ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????????? ????? ????????????;?
???? ?????, ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????;?
?????? ?????? ????? ?????????????? ???????????? ????????????? ????? ????;?
500 ????? 3000 ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???????????. ?????? ????????? 500 ~ 3000 ???? ???????;?
???????????:?
???, ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????????;?
?????, ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????;?
???????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????;?
????? ?????? ?????????????.


5. ???? ???? ??????????? (MWIR)?
??????????:?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
????? -
??????? ??????? ?????: ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????.
????????? ??????????? ????: ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????, 100Hz ???? ?????? ???? ???????.

???????????:?
???? ??????????? ????? ??????????: ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????, ??????????? ??????????, ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????, ?? ????????? 5 - 10 ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????.
????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????: ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????, ??????? ????????????? ????????????? ????? ???????????????? ????? - ???????? ???? ????? - ??? (????????? ?????? ????????), ??? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????????.
???????? ?????????: ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????.
???????????? ???????: ?????????? ????????? ??????? (???., ??????????? ?????????? ?????? 10,000 ?????) ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ment ?????? ?????, ????????? ??????? ??????????.

???????????:?
????? ?????? ????, ?????? ?????????, ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????;?
??????? ???????, ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????????? (???????????).


6. ????? ???? ??????????? (LWIR)?
??????????:?
???????? ????? ????, ?????? ?????: ???????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ????????, ????? ???????, ?????? ?????, ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????????.
????????????? ???? ????????? ???????: ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? (- 40 ° C ~+85 ° C), ???? - ???????? ???? ????, ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ????, ????????? - ??????, ???????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????.
?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????: ???????? ???????? 1W ???? ??????? ?????? (???. ???? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ??????), ????????? ?????? 100,000 ???? ????, ???? ?????? ??????? ???????.
????? - ??????? ?????????: ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????, ??? ????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ????????? (???? MWIR ????? ??????????), ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ????????????? ????????.

???????????:?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
????????? ?????? ????????? ??????: ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? (????, ???? ?????????? ??????), ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????.
?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????: ??????? ???? (???? ?????, CO? ???? ??????????) ?????? ???? (> 1 ??????????) ?? ????? - ???? ????????????? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????????, ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? - ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????.

???????????:?
?????????: ????????? ?????? ????????????, ??????????? ???????????? ????????????, ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????? - ???, ??????? ????????? ??????????, ???? ????????, ?????? ???? ?????, ????????? ???? ????? ????????.
???????: ?????? - ????????? ???? ????? ??????, ?????? - ????? ???? ????????.